Shia Azadari In The All World
Etymology
The words Azadari (PERSIAN) which mean mourning and lamentation; and Majalis-e Aza have been exclusively used in connection with the remembrance ceremonies for the martyrdom of Imam Hussain. Majalis-e Aza, also known as Aza-e Husayn, includes mourning congregations, lamentations, MATAM and all such actions which express the emotions of grief and above all, repulsion against what YAZID stood for.
Expression of grief with thumping of the chest by Shia Muslims is also known as Latmya, Latmaya or latmia in Arabic-Persian countries. In India and Pakistan it is called Matam or Matam-Dari/Sina Zannee (CHEST BREATING)
The term majalis has both a grammatical meaning and a meaning which relates to Aza-e-Hussain. In its technical sense, a majalis is a meeting, a session or a gathering
(Talwar Ka Matam ) In Ghame Hussain A.s
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| Gham E Hussain |
Background
According to Shia sources, The Azadari of Muharram was started by the family of Muhammad (The Ahl-ul-Bayt) after the death of his grandson Husayn ibn Ali at the Battle Of Karbala in 680 AD. Following the battle of Karbala, Muhammad's granddaughter Zainab Bint E Ali and sister of Imam Husayn, began mourning for the fallen and making speeches against Imam Husayn ibn Ali's opponents: Ibn Ziyad and Yazid I. News of Imam Husayn ibn Ali's death was also spread by Imam Zain-Ul-Abideen, who succeeded Imam Husayn as the Shia Islam, via sermons and speeches throughout Iraq, Syria and Hejaz.
Zainab and Imam Zain-ul-Abideen informed the people that Yazid had martyred Imam Imam Husayn and seventy-two of his companions including his six-month-old son Ali Asghar, and that their women and children were taken as prisoners to Syria. When word of mourning reached Yazid he decided to release the captive women and children from the prison in Damascus, out of fear of public revolt against his rule. He sent for Imam Zain-ul-Abideen, informed him of the impending release and asked if he wished for anything further. Imam Zain-ul-Abideen said he would consult with Zainab. She asked Yazid to provide a place where the people could mourn for Imam Husayn and others of Muhammad's household. A house was provided, and here Zaynab bint Ali held the first Majlis-e Aza of Imam Husayn and started the Mourning of Muharram
Zanjir Ka Matam Kabhi Talwar Ka Matam
. Zehra Ki Dua Hai Ke Lahu Kam Nai Hoga
Expressions of grief such as sine-zani (beating the chest), zangir-zani (beating oneself with chains), and tage-zani or Qma-Zani –also known as Tatbir (hitting oneself with swords or knives)– emerged as common features of the proliferating mourning-processions (dasta-gardani) during Safavid rule. Mourning rituals also takes place in assemblies held in so-called Hussainiya or takia, as well as in mosques and private houses. In Iran, Husayn's funeral is reenacted by carrying a huge wooden structure (nakhl), which is usually carried by several hundred men
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